Urology is the first surgical specialty to adopt widespread use of robotic surgery, and robotic radical prostatectomy is one of the most commonly performed robotic surgery worldwide. Besides prostatectomy, robotic surgery is also commonly performed in nephrectomies, cystectomies, pyeloplasties and other urinary reconstructive surgeries. While the robotic surgery market has been a monopoly in the past 20 years, numerous new multi-port robotic systems in the form of boom or module types have emerged in recent years to provide alternatives for patients and surgeons. Next generation single port and endoscopic robotic systems have enabled new indications and operative techniques. Artificial intelligence (AI) in Urological diseases has been developed in various imaging modalities like Ultrasound and MRI prostate, and also in endoscopic modalities like automated bladder cancer detection and renal stone localization during surgery. It is expected that the combination of robotics and AI will be the future of Urological management.
