Authors (including presenting author) :
Chan WY (1)
Affiliation :
(1) Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Tseung Kwan O Hospital
Introduction :
Osteoporosis is a prevalent metabolic bone disease characterized by reduced bone mineral density, significantly impacting women's health, particularly post-menopause. With the increasing trend of global incidence of osteoporosis, it highlights the need for implementing effective prevention strategies to mitigate associated health risks, including fractures and reduced quality of life. The Health Belief Model (HBM) serves as a valuable psychological framework for understanding health-related behaviors, emphasizing the influence of individuals' beliefs and perceptions about health conditions. HBM-based educational interventions are crucial for enhancing awareness and motivating behavior change, ultimately contributing to the prevention of osteoporosis among at-risk populations.
Objectives :
This integrative review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of nurse-led HBM-based educational programs on osteoporosis prevention among women. It seeks to synthesize existing evidence regarding the impact of these interventions on knowledge improvement, health beliefs, and preventive behaviors related to osteoporosis.
The review also seeks to highlight the critical role of nurses in delivering these educational interventions and to identify areas for future research to enhance osteoporosis prevention strategies among this vulnerable population.
Methodology :
A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed and Embase, targeting studies published from 2017 onwards. The review included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies that evaluated HBM-based educational interventions for women at risk of osteoporosis. A total of three studies were identified and assessed for their methodological quality and outcomes using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) checklist.
Result & Outcome :
The findings from the reviewed studies consistently demonstrated that HBM-based educational interventions significantly improved participants' knowledge of osteoporosis and positively influenced their health beliefs. The intervention groups outperformed control groups in knowledge assessments and exhibited more favorable health beliefs across various measures. However, variations were noted in the impact on specific osteoporosis-related behaviors, such as calcium intake and exercise habits. The review highlights the potential of nurse-led HBM-based programs in improving osteoporosis prevention strategies and emphasizes the necessity for further research to enhance the effectiveness and implementation of these interventions in clinical and community settings.
