Authors (including presenting author) :
WONG KF(1), MAN MH(1), CHAN CC(1), PANG WM(1)
Affiliation :
(1)Occupational Therapy Department, Kwong Wah Hospital
Introduction :
Myasthenia gravis (MG), a neuromuscular disorder, frequently causes ptosis, impairing vision and daily function. Occupational therapy (OT) aims to restore independence through assistive devices like ptosis splint. Traditionally made from thermoplastics, these splints often lack the precision and comfort required for long-term use. Recent advancements in 3D printing offer customizable solutions, transforming the approach to managing MG-related ptosis.
Objectives :
This study examines the evolution of ptosis splints from thermoplastic mixed metal to 3D-printed materials, highlighting improvements in customization, comfort, and effectiveness. It evaluates how these innovations enhance OT outcomes and patient quality of life.
Methodology :
Thermoplastic mixed metal and 3D-printed splints were compared in terms of material properties, function, and user satisfaction. A single case report on a 40-year-old male MG patient was analyzed, incorporating feedback from therapist and patient. Measurement of distance between the glasses and eyelid of patient was taken and computer-aided design (CAD) techniques was used to develop and test personalized 3D-printed splints. The splint was produced by Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) 3D printing method with Polylactic Acid (PLA) filament.
Result & Outcome :
Thermoplastic splints, though cost-effective, often required extensive adjustments and offered suboptimal comfort. In contrast, 3D-printed splints provided precise anatomical fits, lightweight designs, and cheaper production cost. The patient has been followed up from May 2024 to December 2024 in Occupational Therapy Department. He reported better eyelid support, comfort, and compliance with 3D-printed designs. The smaller sized splint gave patient better self-image was also revealed. On the other hand, therapists noted reduced fabrication time and easy adjustment even the glasses changed. The application of 3D-printed material also prevented the potential risk on using of metal wire such as rusting and sharp hazards.
The transition to 3D-printed ptosis splints represents a significant advancement in OT for patients with MG and other neurological conditions. These splints improve functionality, patient adherence, and therapeutic efficiency, aligning with OT’s core goals of enhancing independence and participation. As 3D printing technology becomes more accessible, its adoption in OT can revolutionize assistive device design, offering tailored solutions for diverse patient needs. For future development, use of advanced scanning technologies and materials like flexible nylon and biocompatible resins enabled precise anatomical modeling and offered enhanced durability and comfort. Further research and are essential to maximize its impact.
