Heat-related illnesses, exacerbated by global warming, pose a significant threat to public health, with heat stroke having a mortality rate of 10-30% (Bouchama & Knochel, 2002). Rapid cooling is critical for survival, and Cold-Water Immersion (CWI) is recognized as the gold standard for reducing core body temperature (Casa et al., 2015). However, logistical challenges in emergency departments (EDs) limit its widespread adoption. This pilot study, conducted at Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital (PYNEH) ED aims to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of CWI compared to standard cooling methods, such as evaporative cooling and ice packs, for managing heat-related illnesses.
Using a prospective implementation design, the study will compare two groups of adult patients with heat-related illnesses: one receiving CWI and another treated with standard methods. The primary outcome measure is the time taken to reduce core body temperature to below 39°C. Secondary outcomes include survival rates, neurological outcomes, and feasibility metrics including workflow integration and staff feedback.
This project, inspired by the Hong Kong University Nursing Leadership Development Fellowship (intermediate tier) sponsored by the Hong Kong Jockey Club, aligns with UN Sustainable Development Goals 3, 13, and 4. By addressing climate change health impacts (IPCC, 2021) and implementing evidence-based practices, the study aims to improve patient outcomes while developing a feasible protocol for CWI implementation in ED settings. The anticipated results will contribute to both local healthcare delivery and global efforts in managing climate-related health challenges through innovative, evidence-based, and sustainable practices.
